Method of forming surfaces on roads.



T. AITKEN. METHOD OF FORMING SURFACES ON ROADS. APPLICATION FILED AUG.7, 1905.

Patented. Apr.'20, 1909.

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METHOD OF FORMING SURFACES ON ROADS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7, 1905.

Patented Apr. 20, 1909.

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THOMAS AITREN, Ol UUPAR-Fll ll, SCOTLAND.

METHOD OF FORMING SURFACES ON ROADS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 20, 1909.

Application filed August 7, 1905. Serial No. 273,209.

' subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Cupar-Fife, inScotland,-have invented certain new and useful improvements in MethodsofForining Surfaces on Roads, of

\vhichthe following is a specification.

Tlns invention relates to improvements in the treatment of unpaved ormacadannzcd roads with coal tar, crude oil or other surface-dressingliquids to prevent the formation of dust.

Hitherto it has been customary to sprinkle themore' liquid dust-layingfluids from an ordinary watering cart or otherwise to apply the materialunder ordinary pressure.

According to this invention a surfaceclressing liquid is dischargedunder consid-' erable pressure from a distributing apparatus and isforced into the crust of the road.

Any. suitable apparatus may be 'employed in carrying .out my invention,as a horsedrawn or motor vehicle provided with a liquid supply tank, areceiver from which the liquid is distributed and a pump preferablyautomatically driven from amoving part of the vehicle and arranged tosupply the liquid'from the tank to the receiver under considerablepressure. An air valve and a regulating valve may be employed betweenthe supply tank and the pump to control the contents of'the receiver. 1

in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2an end elevaiiOlLOf one form of liquid-distributing vehicle which may beused.

' Likeletters indicate like parts in both figures.

Mounted on the frame A 011 the vehicle is a supply tank B to contain thesurface-dressing liquid. A receiver G for liquid and air I underpressure is placed at the back of the tank and is connected by an inletpipe D with an air or liquid pump E. The pump is operated from a roadwheel F by a chain wheel G fixed to theroad wheel which drives through achain H to a toothed pinion J actuating the crank shaft K of the pump E.The inlet L. to the puinp is connected with the supply tank B by a tubeM which is conveniently a flexible metallic tube at the tank end, and arose or strainer N is fixed on the end. An air inlet and. regulatingvalve 0 is provided on the pipe M between the supply tank and the pumpso that either air or liquid may be admitted to the pump or theproportion of liquid and additional air may be regulated as required forthe purpose of agitating and mixing the liquid properly.

Feed pipes P leading from the receiver C and provided with cocks Qconduct the liquid under pressure to a distributing pipe B having'jets'Rwhich discharge the liquid onto the road. The distance betwee i thedistributing pipe and the surface level of the road may, if desired, bevariable to suit the varying pressures in the receiver, the condition ofthe road, etc. A pressure gage and safety valve T are provided on thereceiver C.

Preferably air is forced into the receiver C from the pump E until thedesired pressure of say, 50 to 100 pounds per square inch establishedaccording to the viscosity 'of the liquid to be used and otherconditions; the strainer is then introduced into the tank, or connectionotherwise made between the tank B and the pump, and liquid is forcedinto the receiver until the pressure reaches the required degree, say,from 150 to '250 pounds per square inch.-

The apparatus is now ready for work and by opening the supply cocks Q tothe distributer R, the liquid is squirted, preferably in the form offine compact solid streams, of say, less than one-eighth of an inch indian-r eter so as to be of a penetrating character as they are forceddirectly onto the surface of the road and are also forced into thebinding material forming a part of the crust of the metaled surface ofthe road. pumped into the receiver C in a continuous flow and thecompressed air originally introduced into the receiver maintains auniform pressure.

.The position of the tank, air-receiver and pump may be varied to suitthe form of the The liquid is vehicle on which the apparatus is to be employed. In the case of a motor vehicle the necessary power to drive thepump may be derived directly from the engine and a clutch may be used toput the pump into or out of gear.

As a result of the operations described the road material is penetratedby the oil or suitable composition forced downward in small solidstreams at a high pressure, and thereby there is formed an upper orwearing layer of road material and oil combined. but

without the usual preliminary mixing,-

ioo

FThc ithin (i es cz'i spreading and L5- This layer ther afom he 2n ureis first nude 1P3 beiter Wlih the wiil becon'ie nmre solidifiedandcshesive my der 1156 than when and spyezui and wmli'u under la'ver orbod I Ortion and therw l is unnslml iy permanent, dur ibla andresistzinq to wgner. The 00st of treatment is of cm Qnl'y a frachon ofthat rag-anew by ordma methods.

z Vithmzt limiting myself 0 Fm useoi apec-ml apparatus or :0 v eglzalhvmd 21 OK conwositmn, .L

v ed mode; 0i. gurfacmg roads, consis 1;); in forming a surface crusti'ojeoiing 11 surface dressing liquid-in $011 streams agamst the surfaceof the,

wad be 1 cinder suchpressure exceeding fifty 5 .mns' t0 penetrate thebody of the road AITKEN.

z sund s per square inch as will cause the

